icd 9 abdomen liposuction

with an omphalocele, omphalo- refers to thenaval, also known as the bellybutton—or more formally the umbilicus—which is theattachment site of the umbilical cord, and -cele relates to hernia or swelling. omphalocele, therefore, is when some of thebowels herniate out into the umbilical cord. during the fourth week of fetal development,the embryo starts to change shape from a flat, three-layer disc to something more shapedlike a cylinder, a process called embryonic folding. in the horizontal plane, the two lateral foldseventually come together and close off at the midline, except for at the umbilicus,where the umbilical cord connects the fetus

to the placenta. this folding allows for the formation of thegut within the abdominal cavity. during around the sixth week of development,the liver and intestines grow really quickly, and because the abdominal cavity’s stillpretty small, there’s limited space, which causes the midgut to herniate through theumbilical ring into the umbilical cord, and this happens normally. at about week 10, though, the abdominal cavitytypically has grown enough to allow the midgut to come back from the umbilical cord. with omphalocele, the midgut—along withpotentially other organs from the abdominal

cavity—fail to return back to the abdominalcavity, and therefore stay in the umbilical cord all the way through fetal developmentand even after birth. now, since the intestines and potentiallyother organs aren’t meant to be in the umbilical cord, there can be complications like theabdominal cavity not growing to its normal size, as well as pinched blood vessels andloss of blood flow to an organ. so with an omphalocele, after birth the abdominalorgans protrude out of the body, but are contained within the umbilical cord, meaning the organsare sealed by a peritoneal layer. in contrast, a related defect called gastroschisisinvolves the abdominal contents herniating out of the abdominal cavity as well, but ithappens through a separate hole in the abdomen,

so in this case the intestines are not coveredby a peritoneal layer. although the cause of omphalocele is ultimatelyunknown, it’s likely a result of both genetic and environmental factors. some cases of omphalocele are due to underlyinggenetic disorders like trisomy 13, trisomy 18, trisomy 21—also known as down syndrome—andbeckwith-wiedemann syndrome. also, certain factors have been found to increasethe risk of a woman having a baby with omphalocele, like consumption of alcohol and tobacco duringthe pregnancy, use of certain medications like ssris, as well as obesity. diagnosis can be done before birth, or prenatally,through detailed fetal ultrasound, or lab

tests, screening for increased maternal serumalpha-fetoprotein levels. if not detected prenatally, omphaloceles areobvious right at birth. treatment involves surgery following birth,in which the intestines and organs need to be placed back in the abdominal cavity andthe defect repaired. if the omphalocele’s large, then the organsmight have to be slowly moved back into the abdominal cavity over a period of time. alright, as a quick recap, omphalocele iswhen the intestines, and potentially other organs, fail to return to the abdominal cavityfrom the umbilical cord, allowing them to protrude outside the belly but inside theumbilical cord.

in contrast to gastroschisis, the abdominalcontents are covered by a layer of peritoneum. thanks for watching, you can help supportus by donating on patreon, or subscribing to our channel, or telling your friends aboutus on social media.